Nature

Estonian Soomaa’s freshwater wilderness boasts the largest raised bog complex in Europe. They even have a ’fifth season’ – as claimed by locals – when naturally meandering rivers create drastic floods changing the landscape.

Flora

In Soomaa altogether 537 species of vascular plants have been identified, among these 29 are protected by Estonian law. The most impressive highlights among the plants in Soomaa are Siberian Iris and wild gladiolus on floodplains. In Soomaa also more than 360 species of fungi have been found.

Fauna

185 species of birds have been recorded in Soomaa, among these 150 are breeders. Among rare and endangered species the most impressive species that live in Soomaa are black grouse, willow grouse, golden eagle, black stork, lesser spotted eagle and great snipe. The bogs in Soomaa are one of the most important habitats for golden plovers, whimbrel and other waders. In the edges of the bogs breed Capercaillie and further into the forest Soomaa offers home for several woodpecker species, owls and many others. On the floodplains one can hear calling corn crakes and great snipes. During migration season the bogs are a staging site for geese and swans.
There are 43 mammals known to be living in Soomaa National Park. Roe deers are easily spotted alongside the roads, with a bit more luck one can encounter elk or wild boar. The large carnivores inhabiting Soomaa - lynx, wolf and bear are timid and for most of the people only tracks they leave behind refer to the fact that these species feel rather good in Soomaa.